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11.
闽东南地区降雨侵蚀力的初步研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
本文利用实测降雨与径流小区资料对闽东南地区不同降雨类型的雨强等特点及其对土壤侵蚀的影响进行了分析;提出了60分钟瞬时最大雨强为侵蚀性降雨指标,其指标在该地区为I60≥9mm;建立了研究区年侵蚀力R值的简便算式,并根据谝绘制了研究区R值分布图。 相似文献
12.
云南山区水土流失的机制与对策 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
阮光灿 《地质灾害与环境保护》1991,2(2):1-6
本文从生态平衡及环境地质的一般概念出发,进而以大量的实际资料,阐述了严重破坏森林植被,是造成云南山区水土流失的重要原因之一;同时对该区的地形地貌、地质构造与岩石破碎等因素对水土流失的相互关系,也作了简要的论述。并根据这些认识,文末还提出了可行的防治山区水土流失的对策。 相似文献
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豫西南矽线石物相分析方法研究 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:2
以豫西南地区4个矿区的矿物组合为依据,建立了铝量法测定矽线石含量的物相分析方法。对比了不同方法制备的矽线石及其不同存在条件下溶解率的差异,确定了接近矿区实际的、准确合理的分析结果校正办法。 相似文献
17.
We compare the peculiar velocities measured in the surface brightness fluctuation survey of galaxy distances with the predictions from the density fields of the IRAS 1.2 Jy flux-limited redshift survey and the optical redshift survey (ORS) to derive simultaneous constraints on the Hubble constant H0 and the density parameter beta=Omega0.6&solm0;b, where b is the linear bias. We find that betaI=0.42+0.10-0.06 and betaO=0.26+/-0.08 for the IRAS and ORS comparisons, respectively, and that H0=74+/-4 km s-1 Mpc (with an additional 9% uncertainty due to the Cepheids themselves). The match between predicted and observed peculiar velocities is good for these values of H0 and beta, and although there is covariance between the two parameters, our results clearly point toward low-density cosmologies. Thus, the unresolved discrepancy between the "velocity-velocity" and "density-density" measurements of beta continues. 相似文献
18.
Effects of trace metal and exposure to air on serotonin and dopamine levels in tissues of the mussel Perna perna 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We evaluated levels of serotonin (5HT) and dopamine (DOPA) in muscle and digestive glands of the mussel, Perna perna, collected at different times of day; exposed to air for 24 h, followed by re-submersion; and after exposure to different metals. Mussels collected at different periods of day showed little oscillation in 5HT and DOPA levels. Mussels exposed to metals showed significant changes in 5HT and DOPA levels in digestive gland and muscle, as did mussels exposed to air. Our data suggest that analyses of 5HT and DOPA in tissues of mussels could serve as a tool to evaluate the presence and effects of heavy metal contamination in mussels. Care in data interpretation is required, however, since other environmental factors such as exposure of mussels to air (i.e. at low tides) can also cause changes in DOPA and 5HT levels. Additional research is necessary to separate such natural environmental effects from effects of contaminants. 相似文献
19.
In an attempt to reduce the threat of global warming, it has been proposed that the rise of atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations be reduced by the ocean disposal of CO2 from the flue gases of fossil fuel-fired power plants. The release of large amounts of CO2 into mid or deep ocean waters will result in large plumes of acidified seawater with pH values ranging from 6 to 8. In an effort to determine whether these CO2-induced pH changes have any effect on marine nitrification processes, surficial (euphotic zone) and deep (aphotic zone) seawater samples were sparged with CO2 for varying time durations to achieve a specified pH reduction, and the rate of microbial ammonia oxidation was measured spectrophotometrically as a function of pH using an inhibitor technique. For both seawater samples taken from either the euphotic or aphotic zone, the nitrification rates dropped drastically with decreasing pH. Relative to nitrification rates in the original seawater at pH 8, nitrification rates were reduced by ca. 50% at pH 7 and more than 90% at pH 6.5. Nitrification was essentially completely inhibited at pH 6. These findings suggest that the disposal of CO2 into mid or deep oceans will most likely result in a drastic reduction of ammonia oxidation rates within the pH plume and the concomitant accumulation of ammonia instead of nitrate. It is unlikely that ammonia will reach the high concentration levels at which marine aquatic organisms are known to be negatively affected. However, if the ammonia-rich seawater from inside the pH plume is upwelled into the euphotic zone, it is likely that changes in phytoplankton abundance and community structure will occur. Finally, the large-scale inhibition of nitrification and the subsequent reduction of nitrite and nitrate concentrations could also result in a decrease of denitrification rates which, in turn, could lead to the buildup of nitrogen and unpredictable eutrophication phenomena. Clearly, more research on the environmental effects of ocean disposal of CO2 is needed to determine whether the potential costs related to marine ecosystem disturbance and disruption can be justified in terms of the perceived benefits that may be achieved by temporarily delaying global warming. 相似文献
20.
连翘为木犀科植物,味苦、性微寒,有清热解毒、消肿散结等功效。用于痈疽、瘰疬、乳痈、丹毒、风热感冒、温病初起、温热入营、高热烦渴、神昏发斑、热淋尿闭等症。具有抗菌、抗炎、解热、镇吐、利尿、强心、抗肝损、镇痛、抗内毒素、抗病毒、降血压等作用。也可用于食品天然防腐剂或化妆品,是重要的油料作物、观赏植物和水土保持植物。市场前景看好,种植效益可观。连翘主要分布于河南、山西、陕西、湖北、河北等地。以野生为主,也有大规模人工栽培。陕西主产于黄龙、洛南、商南、柞水、丹风、韩城、华阴、华县等县。1连翘栽培适宜生态气候条… 相似文献